- Gum surgery, or periodontal surgery, is a set of procedures to treat gum disease, correct gum recession, or improve gum health. Common procedures include pocket reduction surgery, gum grafting, crown lengthening, and bone regeneration. The type of surgery depends on the specific condition, but often involves incisions to clean out infection and allow for gum tissue and bone to heal.
Common types of gum surgery
Pocket reduction surgery:
- Also called flap surgery, this is for moderate to advanced gum disease. A periodontist makes an incision to fold back the gums, cleans out tartar and bacteria from deep pockets, and then secures the gum tissue back in place.
Gum grafting:
- This procedure addresses gum recession by taking tissue from another part of the mouth (or another source) and attaching it to the affected area to cover the exposed tooth root.
Crown lengthening:
- This surgery reshapes the gum tissue to expose more of the tooth, often for cosmetic reasons or to prepare for a dental restoration.
Regeneration:
- In cases of bone damage from gum disease, a periodontist may use bone grafts, membranes, or tissue-stimulating proteins to encourage the gum and bone to regenerate.
Gingivectomy/Gingivoplasty:
- A gingivectomy is the surgical removal of gum tissue, while a gingivoplasty reshapes healthy gum tissue. Both are used to alter the gum line.
What to expect during and after surgery
During:
- Gum surgery is performed with anesthesia to numb the area. You will likely receive a local anesthetic, but sedation or general anesthesia may also be an option depending on the procedure.
After:
- Post-surgery, you can expect some bleeding, swelling, and discomfort for a few days. You should follow your surgeon’s instructions for pain management and care, which will include avoiding strenuous activity, eating soft foods, and using an antibacterial mouthwash. You will need to be careful not to brush or floss the surgical area until your periodontist says it is safe to do so.
